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Phenytoin (Dilantin):

This test measures the amount of phenytoin in the blood. Phenytoin is a drug that is used to treat some seizure disorders (also called epilepsy). Seizure disorders affect the brain’s ability to transmit electrical impulses and to regulate nerve activity. During a seizure, a patient may experience changes in consciousness, alterations in sight, smell, and taste, and may experience uncontrolled muscular convulsions of one or more parts of the body.

seizure

Anyone at any age can experience a seizure. Seizures can be caused by high fevers, decreased oxygen supply, head trauma, exposure to certain toxins and drugs, withdrawal from alcohol after heavy abuse, severe infections, extremely low blood sugar, metabolic disorders, and brain tumors. Seizures may also be seen in newborns as a result of head trauma that occurred in utero or during the birthing process. In many cases, the cause of seizures is not known and the frequency and severity in those affected varies from patient to patient and may change over time. Patients may experience a single seizure and never have another, may have occasional seizures, or may have recurrent seizures. In rare cases, a patient may have a seizure that starts and does not stop without prompt medical intervention. Most patients do not experience residual damage from seizures, but muscle contractions during attacks may cause acute injuries, and losses in consciousness can lead to falls. In some cases, recurrent seizures can eventually lead to progressive brain damage.

هذا الاختبار يقيس نسبة الفينيتوين فى الدم وهو دواء يستخدم لعلاج الصرع والصرع يؤدى الى اضطربات تؤثر على قدرة المخ على نقل النبضات الكهربائية
ويمكن لاى شخص فى اى عمر ان يمر بتجربة الصرع ويمكن ان تسببه حمى عالية او انخفاض امدادات الاوكسجين وايضا العرض لبعض السموم والمخدرات وايضا ممكن ان يسببه محاولة الانسحاب من تعاطى الكحوليات ويمكن ايضا ان يتواجد لدى الاطفال حديثى الولادة نتيجة صدمات المخ الحادثة فى الرحم اثناء الحمل او اثناء عملية الولادة

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