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Pericardial Fluid Analysis:

Pericardial fluid is a liquid that acts as a lubricant for the movement of the heart. It is found in small quantities between the two layers of the pericardium. Pericardial fluid is produced by mesothelial cells in the membranes and acts to reduce friction as the heart pumps blood.


There are two main reasons for fluid

accumulation :


1- Fluid may accumulate in the pleural space because of an imbalance between the pressure within blood vessels which drives fluid out of blood vessels and the amount of protein in blood which keeps fluid in blood vessels. The fluid that accumulates in this case is called a transudate . This type of fluid usually involves both lungs and is often a result of either cirrhosis or congestive heart failure.

2- Fluid accumulation may be caused by injury or inflammation of the peritoneum, in which case the fluid is called an exudate. This type of fluid may be the result of conditions such as infection, malignancies (metastatic cancer, lymphoma, mesothelioma), rheumatoid disease, or systemic lupus erythematosus.

The test used to

diagnose the cause of inflammation of the pericardium and fluid accumulation around the heart

the way of sample obtaining

A sample of fluid collected by a doctor from the pericardial sac using a procedure called a pericadiocentesis

هو السائل الذي يعمل بمثابة تشحيم لحركة القلب. ويوجد بكميات صغيرة بين طبقتين من بيريكارديوم. ويتم إنتاج السوائل من الخلايا الظهارية بيريكارديال في الأغشية وتعمل على تقليل الاحتكاك

هناك سببين لتراكم هذا السائل:

1- يتراكم السائل نتيجة اختلال الضغط داخل الاوعية الدموية ويطلق على السائل الذى يتراكم فى هذه الحالة
transudate
2- يكون سبب تراكم السائل عن إصابة أو التهاب
peritoneum
وفي هذه الحالة السائل يسمى
exudate

هذا الاختبار يستخدم فى

تشخيص سبب التهاب بيريكارديوم وتراكم السوائل حول القلب

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