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Catecholamines:
Catecholamines are a group of similar hormones produced in the adrenal medulla, the interior portion of the adrenal glandes.
Adrenal glands are small, triangular organs located on top of each kidney. The primary catecholamines are dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), and norepinephrine. These hormones are released into the bloodstream in response to physical or emotional stress. They help transmit nerve impulses in the brain, increase glucose and fatty acid release for energy, dilate bronchioles, and dilate the pupils.
Norepinephrine also constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure, and epinephrine increases heart rate and metabolism. After completing their actions, the hormones are metabolized to inactive compounds.
Dopamine becomes homovanillic acid ,norepinephrine breaks down into normetanephrine and vanillylmandelic acid , and adrenaline becomes metanephrine . Both the hormones and their metabolites are excreted in the urine.
increase the secretion of catecholamines lead to
the hypertension that the pheochromocytoma causes may damage the kidneys and heart and raise the risk of an affected patient having astroke or heart attack
the test used
To help diagnose a pheochromocytoma or other neuroendocrine tumor by using a blood sample drawn from a vein in the arm or a 24-hour urine sample
هرمون الكاتيكولامين
وهو من هرمونات الغدة الكظرية
